When the world was struck by COVID-19 five years ago, Africa found itself fighting on two fronts: Against a deadly virus and vaccine inequity.

While richer nations hoarded doses, African countries waited, scrambled, and negotiated for their share.

Millions were infected, thousands lost their lives, and others survived with scars-some visible, others hidden.

The human cost of COVID-19 in Africa was significant, though lower than initially feared.